March 12:
In a major step towards modernising the country’s railway network, Indian Railways has begun deploying advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) technologies to improve safety, operational efficiency and real-time monitoring across its network.
The initiatives were highlighted by Ashwini Vaishnaw, Union Minister for Railways, Information & Broadcasting and Electronics & Information Technology, in a reply presented in the Lok Sabha.
These technological upgrades form part of Indian Railways’ ongoing efforts to adopt smart monitoring tools and modern digital systems to detect faults early, enhance maintenance planning and ensure safer train operations.
AI-Based Machine Vision Inspection System
One of the key technologies being introduced is the Machine Vision Inspection System (MVIS), an AI-powered monitoring solution that scans moving trains to detect any hanging, loose or missing components.
Currently, pilot installations of MVIS have been carried out in different railway zones, including three systems in the Northeast Frontier Railway, two in the Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited, and one in the South East Central Railway.
Additionally, Indian Railways has signed an agreement with DFCCIL to introduce four more MVIS systems across the network. The Research Designs and Standards Organisation is also working with industry partners to develop advanced versions of this system for broader use.
Real-Time Monitoring of Wheels and Bearings
To detect defects in rolling stock, Indian Railways has installed 24 Wheel Impact Load Detector (WILD) systems across its network. These systems measure the impact of train wheels on tracks and identify damaged or defective wheels before they lead to operational problems.
Similarly, 25 Online Monitoring of Rolling Stock (OMRS) systems are currently operational. These devices monitor the health of train bearings and wheels in real time, enabling quicker maintenance interventions and reducing the risk of equipment failure.
AI-Based Track Monitoring
Indian Railways has also deployed Integrated Track Monitoring Systems (ITMS) that use machine learning and image processing to inspect railway tracks. The technology detects defects in rails, sleepers and fastenings while also generating data that can help authorities plan urgent and preventive maintenance.
At present, three ITMS systems are operational, helping railway engineers enhance track reliability and improve maintenance planning.
Drone-Based Inspection of Railway Infrastructure
Another innovative step involves drone-based monitoring of overhead equipment (OHE). The technology uses drones equipped with thermal imaging cameras to inspect electric lines that power trains.
Pilot projects are already underway in the Raipur division. In addition, Indian Railways is collaborating with Indian Institute of Technology Madras to develop AI-enabled aerial inspection systems capable of analysing captured data automatically.
TRI-Netra System for Loco Pilots
To assist locomotive drivers in challenging weather conditions, the RDSO is developing the TRI-Netra system—short for Terrain Imaging for Locomotive Drivers.
The technology combines optical cameras, infrared imaging and radar or lidar sensors to provide enhanced visibility to loco pilots during fog, heavy rain and other adverse weather conditions. Using AI-powered data processing, TRI-Netra will generate a real-time vision system to help drivers navigate safely.
Rail Tech Policy to Promote Innovation
To further accelerate technological innovation, Indian Railways has launched the Rail Tech Policy, which aims to support startups, innovators and industry partners in developing scalable solutions for the railway sector.
The policy allows innovators to submit proposals through the official Rail Tech Portal and includes provisions for financial support based on a 50:50 cost-sharing model between Indian Railways and developers. Grants will also be available for prototype development, trials and scaling of successful technologies.
Towards a Smarter Railway Network
With the introduction of AI-based monitoring systems, drones, digital inspection tools and innovation-driven policies, Indian Railways is moving towards a smarter and more technology-driven operational model.
Officials believe these initiatives will significantly enhance safety standards, reduce operational risks and improve the efficiency of the country’s vast railway network, which remains one of the largest transportation systems in the world.
