AUG 05: Scientists have uncovered the mystery behind the potent sting of the black scorpion (Heterometrus bengalensis), a species native to the forests of eastern and southern India. Despite the significant health risks posed by scorpion envenomation globally, the venom of many species—especially lesser-known ones—remains poorly understood.
In a breakthrough study, researchers at the Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Guwahati—an autonomous body under the Department of Science and Technology (DST)—conducted the first-ever comprehensive venom analysis of Heterometrus bengalensis (HB). The study was led by Prof. Ashis K. Mukherjee, Director of IASST, and Ms. Susmita Nath, research scholar.
Using advanced spectrometry and biochemical techniques, the team identified 25 unique toxins across eight protein families within the scorpion’s venom. These toxins were tested in Swiss albino mice, revealing alarming health effects.
Upon envenomation, the mice displayed signs of systemic toxicity—elevated liver enzyme levels, organ damage, and a strong proinflammatory immune response, suggesting that the venom could cause severe allergic reactions or toxic shock in humans.
The study highlights how the venom’s complexity induces not only local effects but also widespread biological disruption, particularly targeting the liver and immune system. This newly revealed venom profile may help scientists better understand the health risks, develop targeted antivenoms, and aid in clinical treatment protocols.
Published in the International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, this research addresses a critical gap in scorpion toxinology and sets the stage for deeper insights into venom evolution and therapeutic applications.
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